Effects of hydrogen content on powder metallurgy characteristic of titanium hydrides

The titanium dihydride (TiH₂) powder metallurgy has been attracted a lot of attention, but TiH₂ powder is difficult to press moulding. In this paper, the titanium hydride powder metallurgy including TiH₂ and unsaturated titanium hydrides (TiH_1.5) was investigated simultaneously compared with pure titanium metal powder metallurgy. The results indicates that the titanium hydride powder metallurgy is accompanied by the deoxidation self-purification effect during dehydrogenation process for both of TiH₂ and TiH_1.5, which have higher sintering density than pure titanium. There are the three stages relative to densification rate, namely the slow, rapid and full densification stages for all of three materials. The compressive yield strengths increase rapidly in the rapid densification stage and are unchangeable almost in the full densification stage after holding 2 h at 1300 °C. The titanium hydride powder metallurgy is helpful to obtain much better mechanical properties than the pure titanium metal powder metallurgy. Here the compressive yield strength of the as-sintered TiH₂ compact with the maximum hydrogen content is the best but has very small difference compared with that of the as-sintered TiH_1.5 compact after full sintering densification.     

A first-principles investigation on mechanical and metallic properties of titanium carbides under pressure

The titanium carbides are potential candidates to achieve both high hardness and refractory property. We carried out a structural search for titanium carbides at three pressures of 0 GPa, 30 GPa and 50 GPa. A phase diagram of the Ti-C system at 0 K was obtained by elucidating formation enthalpies as a function of compositions, and their mechanical and metallic properties of titanium carbides were investigated systematically. We also discussed the relation of titanium concentration to the both mechanical and metallic properties of titanium carbides. It has been found that the average valence electron density and tractility improved at higher concentrations of titanium, while the degree of covalent bonding directionality decreased. To this effect, the hardness of titanium carbide decreases as the content of titanium increases. Our results indicated that the titanium content significantly affected the metallic properties of the Ti-C system.     

Stability and thermophysical properties of fly ash nanofluid for heat transfer applications

Improving the performance of heat transfer fluids is altogether significant. The best approach for improving the thermal conductivity is the addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid. In the present study, specific heat, dynamic viscosity, and thermal conductivity of water-based Indian coal fly ash stable nanofluid for 0.1% to 0.5% volume concentration in the temperature range of 30 to 60°C has been investigated. To evaluate an average particle diameter of 11.5 nm, the fly ash nanoparticles were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Using zeta potential, the stability of nanofluid in the presence of surfactant Triton X-100 was tested. Thermal conductivity and viscosity of fly ash nanofluid increased, while specific heat decreased as volume concentration increased. The effect of temperature on the fly ash nanofluid was directly proportional to its thermal conductivity and specific heat and inversely proportional to viscosity.     

多功能橡胶硫化活性剂ZH-73对全钢载重子午线轮胎胎面胶性能的影响

研究多功能橡胶硫化活性剂ZH-73对子午线轮胎胎面胶硫化特性、加工性能、物理性能和动态力学性能等的影响。结果表明:加入2份硫化活性剂ZH-73,混炼胶的门尼焦烧时间略缩短,t90延长,流动性提高,加工性能改善;硫化胶老化前后物理性能相当,60℃的损耗因子明显减小;成品轮胎耐久性能提高,滚动阻力系数降低。     

拉深筋对板材变形特征和力学性能的影响研究

采用实验方法将金属板材拉过不同尺寸的拉深筋镶块，分析了拉深筋高度、圆角半径以及过筋次数对板材变形特征的影响规律，研究了过筋产生的预应变对板材后续力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：板材流过拉深筋后，流动方向上发生均匀的拉伸变形；过筋产生的预应变随着拉深筋高度增大而增大，随着圆角半径增大而减小，随着过筋次数增加而近似线性增大；预应变越大，材料后续屈服强度和抗拉强度越高，但后续延伸率越小，总延伸率随着预应变增大表现出先减小后增大的趋势。     

氧化铈-二氧化硅介孔材料制备及对铜离子的吸附性能

采用共沉淀法和沉淀浸渍法制备了纳米氧化铈-二氧化硅（CeO₂-SiO₂）介孔材料吸附剂,主要考察了其对水中铜离子（Cu²⁺）的吸附行为。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和氮吸附（BET）等手段对合成的介孔材料进行了性能表征,并通过静态吸附实验分析了溶液pH、溶液初始金属离子质量浓度、吸附剂用量、吸附时间等条件对介孔材料吸附Cu²⁺性能的影响。结果表明：共沉淀法制备的纳米CeO₂-SiO₂介孔材料对Cu²⁺的去除效果较沉淀浸渍法要好;当溶液pH=7.0时CeO₂-SiO₂介孔材料对Cu²⁺的吸附效果最好,20 min时基本达到吸附平衡;溶液初始Cu²⁺浓度增大Cu²⁺去除率降低,Cu²⁺累计吸附量增大;随着吸附剂用量增加Cu²⁺去除率增大,当CeO₂-SiO₂吸附剂用量为0.15 g/L时对Cu²⁺的去除率趋于稳定;CeO₂-SiO₂吸附剂对不同金属离子吸附性能由大到小的顺序为Cu²⁺、Fe²⁺、Mn²⁺,该吸附过程均符合准二级动力学模型。     

撞击流反应器撞击面稳定性研究进展

撞击流技术因其良好的混合特性近些年用于强化制备超细粉体反应中的混合过程。撞击面的稳定影响反应器内的混合效果，所以本文对撞击面稳定性的研究进行了综述。撞击流反应器不同结构形式包括平面撞击流、轴对称撞击流和微型撞击流等。文中简述了撞击流稳定性的实验研究手段，分析轴对称撞击流反应器的径向偏转振荡的起止条件和不同喷嘴间距下的轴向偏移振荡规律，并且分析平面撞击流反应器的撞击面偏转周期以及偏转振荡的起止条件。得出轴对称撞击流与平面撞击流撞击面驻点的振荡对混合都有促进作用，并且偏移振荡周期不定，轴对称撞击面偏移振幅与喷嘴间距和雷诺数相关。平面撞击流的偏转振荡周期与进口流速成反比，反应器结构参数是撞击流稳定性的影响因素之一。根据轴对称撞击流偏移振荡对混合的促进作用，本文提出一种新型的预设流量波形双组撞击流反应器。新型撞击流反应器的独特结构克服了物料反应通道单一缺点，通过预设波形控制其进口流量，增大其撞击面偏移振幅，消除撞击面无序振荡，使流动轨迹扩展，扩大混合区域，并设计实验装置与方法讨论动态流量撞击流反应器撞击面稳定性对混合效果的影响。最后，本文对轴对称撞击流反应器的混合性能研究前景进行展望。     

Magnetic and antibacterial studies of sol-gel dip coated Ce doped TiO2 thin films: Influence of Ce contents

Ce-doped TiO₂ thin films were synthesized by sol-gel dip coating route to evaluate the effect of Ce doping percentage on properties of TiO₂. X-ray diffraction spectra revealed both anatase and brookite phases, and Ce doping favours the anatase–brookite transformation of TiO₂ films. The optical constants of the thin films were achieved by evaluating spectroscopic UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometry data. The band gap of the Ce doped TiO₂ was reduced from ~3.93 eV to ~3.79 eV with an increase in Ce doping percentage. All films have shown ferromagnetic behaviors which increase with the increase in Ce content due to enhancement in the bound magnetic polaron. Higher Ce doping increases the oxygen vacancies and saturation magnetization. Boost magnetic properties stem from the generation of the interaction between the Ce ion and an oxygen vacancy. The study showed that the antimicrobial activity of Ce doped TiO₂ is ineffective. Hence doping of Ce can modify the properties of TiO₂ and are used in LEDs, magneto-optical devices and solar cells.     

[学科发展]深冷轧制制备高性能金属材料研究进展

相对于传统热轧、温轧、冷轧，深冷轧制是一项变革性技术，它利用某些金属材料在深冷情况下具有优异的塑性变形能力以及深冷环境阻碍塑性变形过程中位错运动和再结晶行为，促使材料晶粒细化，材料具有更高的强度与韧性。系统地介绍了近年来深冷轧制制备高性能金属材料的研究进展，包括深冷轧制在铝合金、铜合金、钛合金、复合层状金属带材中的应用。对深冷轧制制备高性能金属材料的研究进行了展望。     

煤制天然气中氢对X80钢螺旋焊管力学性能的影响

近年来,我国多项煤制天然气示范工程投入运行,X80钢螺旋焊管常用于天然气长输管道建设,其与煤制天然气的相容性直接影响了长输管道的服役寿命和安全可靠性。为研究煤制天然气对国产X80钢螺旋焊管的力学性能影响,分别从埋弧螺旋焊管的母材和螺旋焊缝处取样,在总压为12 MPa,氢气分数为0,1vol%,2.2vol%,5vol%的模拟环境中分别进行慢应变速率拉伸试验和疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验。试验结果表明:含氢量5vol%以下时,煤制天然气对国产X80管线钢强度性能影响很小,但对塑性性能有一定影响,对疲劳裂纹扩展性能影响很大,煤制天然气中氢对母材的疲劳裂纹扩展性能劣化影响比螺旋焊缝严重。